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Foreign IK-280 trolleybuses
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The BKV - Ikarus trolleybuses
IK-200 series prototype trolleybuses
GVM - IK-280 trolleybuses
Obus - IK-280 trolleybuses
Foreign IK-280 trolleybuses

Ikarus - SVARZ trolleybuses in Moscow

After 1988. in Moscow, the factory SVARZ (Sokolnichesky Wagonoremontny Zavod - Sokolnichesky Vehicle Repair Factory) started a construction of trolleybuses from Ikarus autobus bodies. The electrical equippment was the same as the ZIUs had, from the factory Dynamo. The SVARZ itself stopped the construction of vehicles in 1984, and only repaired Ikarus buses. Soon the constructing work was moved to MTRZ (Moscowsky Trolleybusnoremontny Zavod - Moscow Trolleybus Repair Works). Alltogether 58 articulated trolleybuses were made, the origin of the original buses are impossible to follow.

List of the Moscow IK-280 and IK-283 trolleybuses.
About the SVARZ-Ikarus trolleybuses - in Russian

Moscow (0042)
Moscow (6802)
The trolleybus 0042 in 1998, in front of the Kijevsky station. This flapping-door trolleybus was made in 1990, which means, that the original bus was in service for one or two years.
The trolleybuses of the numbers starting with 0 are in service of the Filevsky bus - trolleybus garage.
A trolleybus constructed from a folding-door IK-280 bus, with the number 6802. The shot was made in 1994. The folding-door Ikarus trolleybuses were very soon out of service, some less than in one year. This one was scrapped in 1996.
The first number 6 signs that this is a vehicle of the sixth garage's fleet.
Moscow (0047)
Moscow (0045)
iFive trolleybuses were rebuilt from the longer IK-283 buses in 1991. On this picture is the 0047.
The rear of the 0045 IK-283 trolleybus is similar to all Moscow Ikarus trolleybuses: especially the ladder is characteristic.

Further Ikarus trolleybuses from Moscow: 0010, 0011, and 0049.
 
Wologda (138)
Twer (23)
Some ex-Moscow trolleybuses were sold to other Russian cities. In Wologda, the trolleybus 138 (ex 7805) is in service since 1992 - one year after its construction. The photo was taken in 2002.
The trolleybus 23 in Twer is the ex-Moscow 6805. The ragged look of the car is rather inspiring, especially the radiator, the glazed doors and the lamps give an unbeleiveable face to the trolleybus.
Rustawi (193)
Rustawi (193 - in solo)
The ex-Moscow 7808 came to Rustawi (Georgia) in 1993, with the number 193. The vehicles of the Kaukasian countries are in even worse condition than the Russians. The number 193 is not visible on the car at all. The date of the photo is around 1999.
Possibly because of the lack of maintenance possibilities, the trolleybus 193 in Rustawi was rebuilt to solo-car. As it is observable, the repainting of the trolleybus is still missing.


Poland

In Poland, there was also some rebuilding from IK-280 buses to trolleybuses. i The first such articulated trolleybus was made in Słupsk at the local Kapena works. Between 1988-93 there was produced also some trolleybuses for Gdynia. In Lublin, the IK-280 trolleybuses were mounted with chopper-control electronics, though these articulated cars were not long in service.

List of the Polish IK-280 trolleybuses.
Ikaruses in Lublin - in Polish
About the Lublin bus service - in English
Gdynia - in Polish

Słupsk (651)
The first trolleybus 651 in Słupskban, which was converted from an IK-280.26 series bus.
In 1999, the trolleybus service in this city was closed.
Gdynia (3489)
Lublin (3-0790-T)
The trolleybus 3489 in Gdynia, with new liveries.
This is the sole IK-280 trolleybus in service of Gdynia in 2002. Meanwhile its number became 3689.
The trolleybus 3-0790-T of Lublin. This car was supplied with a chopper control electronics, which was soon moved to a body of a solo Jelcz bus.

Sofia (Bulgaria)

In Sofia, three 280.02 series articulated trolleybus was made with Skoda 9Tr electric equippment. The rebuilding was in 1977-79. The local transportation company gave them numbers 401-403. These trolleybuses were scrapped in the '80s.
 
Sofia (403)
Z. Nesiba
The trolleybus 403 in Sofia, in 1981.
About the later series of GVMs in Sofia.

North-Korea

Three articulated Ikarus trolleybus was built for Pyongyang, possibly at the local company SINRIH. At least one of these trolleybuses is a unique one, since according to the photos, it was made of two IK-260 solobus. Furthermore there is a report on a fourth solotrolleybus too.
Pyongyang (212)
W. Sprengler
Pyongyang (243)
W. Sprengler
Trolleybus 212 in 1997, made of IK-280 autobus. The fleet number is at the place of the licence plate.
The 243 sepcial articulated trolleybus from its left side.
The axle on the rear part is similar to the middle one fitted with double wheels. This shows, that the rear axle - unlike the usual IK-280 articulated design - is not steered. The axle itself is not at the usual place, pointing to the IK-260 solobus origin of the trailer.
Pyongyang (171 ?)
W. Sprengler
Pyongyang (171 ?)
W. Sprengler
The 171 (?) trolleybus made from an IK-260 solo bus, in 1997.
(The fleet number is ambiguous, the photographer wrote 174, though in the photo the 171 is visible.)
The rear of the 171 (?). The rope of the trolleys are blown in the wind, showing that on the trolleybuses' way there is no barrier that might rip it off.

Every comment, observation and revision is welcomed!
Written by: Zoltán Ádám Németh
Literature:
Mattis Schindler's homepage
Moscows Ikarus trolleybuses
Lublin